Monday, December 16, 2013

Satire in Movies - Part I - "The Blues Brothers"


Since one of the purposes of this blog is to show the all-around-ness of satire I have decided to start writing some blog posts about the use of satire in movies, starting with one of my personal favorites: The Blues Brothers. As most of you hopefully already know, The Blues Brothers is about the struggle of two brothers, Jake and Elwood Blues, to put their old band back together and earn enough money from gigs and shows to save their old children’s home (which is about to shut down due to lack of funding). Both Blues brothers are very interesting characters with questionable morals. They are extremely hardcore, in a downplayed way, surviving explosions and car chases and gun fights with mere shrugs of the shoulders. This in itself could be seen as satire of action heroes in movies (who, as we all know, are supposed to be tough and feeling-less), since the Blues brothers' reactions to certain events are so exaggeratingly downplayed that they seem crazy. However, there are two other, much more prominent, satirical themes in the movie, which I will now discuss in more detail:

1. The way the women in the movie act, and how they are treated by the men in the movie, is clearly satire. Jake’s ex-fiancée, who constantly tries to kill Jake throughout the whole movie, is in many ways a parody of the “crazy ex-girlfriend.” She is completely obsessed by Jake, and has therefore decided that he must die in an extraordinary way (she tries to blow him up, amongst other things). When Jake kisses her in the end though, she wants him back immediately, forgetting all the broken promises and hate she has carried around. Other women in the movie are also extremely dependent on their men, and their men, in return, all treat them extremely poorly. Aretha Franklin, who plays the wife of one of the band members, sings a song to her husband in the beginning of the film, telling him how unfair it is for him to leave her alone with their business to go on tour. Despite the clear power of the song, however, Aretha’s husband just ignores her completely and walks out the door (and the unfairness of the situation thus becomes perceptible). Lastly, one can also look closer at the woman that Elwood casually hits on at a gas station; this woman agrees to meet Elwood at a motel at midnight, even though she has just met him (Elwood, of course, does not show up). By showing the stupidity in these women's dependency on men, as well as the poor manner in which the men treat the women, one could argue that the director of the movie uses satire to highlight gender inequality issues.

2. The stupidity of the police, and the use of “unnecessary force” (the police says that "unnecessary force" is allowed in the chase after the Blues brothers in the movie) in the police’s chase after the Blues brothers, is perhaps the most evident satirical theme in the movie. The police seem completely useless; they drive into each others’ cars, endanger civilians and constantly get fooled by the Blues brothers. What’s more important though, is that they seem to be using almost all their resources and equipment chasing after the Blues brothers, even though there are other greater “villains” in the movie, like the Neo-Nazis. Instead of putting resources and time into hindering the growth of the Neo-Nazi movement however, the police spend all their energy on protecting those Neo-Nazis during demonstrations and chasing after the Blues brothers, who aren’t even dangerous; they don’t even own guns. By showing and exaggerating the way the police mismanages its time and resources the scriptwriters and director of The Blues Brothers make some pretty valid points about the ineffectiveness of the police force. You can see an example of this in the video below.




Thursday, December 12, 2013

Seven Golden Rules


You got to love an article starting with the sentences: "My name is Gregor Stronach, and I am a satirist. It's not a full time occupation – I doubt that anyone, aside from George Carlin and perhaps George Bush, is making a living out of full time satire in the world today." What's more, you got to love the article in question because of its very clear (and also funny) descriptions on how to write satire on different topics (the author calls them the Seven Golden Rules), ranging from religion to a tragic event (yes). I think that you ought to read the article if you want to use satire, since it approaches the topic in a very pedagogical way. Moreover, it takes up one possible satirical topic that I haven't discussed that much on this blog; namely yourself. By showing that you acknowledge that you are not a perfect person (which you can do by satirizing yourself), you make people more prone to listen to other points you make in your satire (an example from the article is: "Mother Theresa was an old whore with no morals! But I have a small dick – how funny is that?”). Remember, nobody wants to listen to a besserwisser.

Monday, December 9, 2013

The Simpsons explaining satire

If you, after reading all my previous blog posts, still don't get what satire is about you're in luck because I am certain that this video will at least provide you with a basic idea of what satire really is. The video shows how the four basic satirical tools (exaggeration, incongruity, reversal and parody) are used in the TV-show The Simpsons. For those of you wondering how to use satire in an effective way, the video can also be of some help, I think. The Simpsons have successfully satirized American behavior, celebrities and movies for more than a decade, so if anyone knows how satire should be done, it should be the crew behind this TV-show. Watch and learn, my friends, watch and learn.




Saturday, December 7, 2013

Learn how to write satire in 7 minutes

For those of you who want a quick guide to how to write satire I suggest you take a look at this YouTube clip, which shows what satire is about in a very clear and structured way as well as how you can best use it. In the video, you will be encouraged to write a 200 word text about satire and I think that this is a very good idea if you are interested in using satire for some purpose or other. It is important to remember, however, that satire does not necessarily have to be in the form of a text. You can create caricatures, animated caricatures (as discussed previously), parodic news shows, plays, you name it! The worst mistake you can do when it comes to creating satire is thinking that your satire has to follow a specific structure or format. Satire is about making people see things differently and if you yourself cannot do that, then how will you teach others to do so?

Monday, December 2, 2013

Modern satire

Traditionally, satirists have either been writers or cartoonists. This, however, is something which has come to change lately, with the new technological advances of our modern day society. In my last blog post, I discussed how a new satirical genre, parodic news, has emerged as a result of this. Another example of how satire has developed over time is the creation of so-called "animated caricatures." Those of you who are used to reading The Washington Post will most likely have seen some examples of these, drawn by political caricaturist Ann Telnaes (if you haven't seen her political cartoons, you can see examples of her work here). This, I think, could serve as an inspiration to all of you out there thinking about using satire for some purpose or other; those of you wanting to convey a message so that people will understand it. Since satire is always centered on current issues, ridiculing contemporary views or behaviors, the different media tools used to deliver satire must also keep up with current technology. This is yet another reason why satire is so powerful; it can never be out of fashion, becomes if it is, it can never be classified as satire.
One of Ann Talnaes' caricatures of the former Secretary of Defense's, Donald Rumsfeld's, ideas and behavior in connection to the War in Iraq
Former Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld


Thursday, November 28, 2013

Fake news that "keep it real"

Satire, as discussed earlier, is an extremely unstable genre. This causes it to constantly take the form of other genres, for example tragedy and comedy, to be able to spread its message (satire is used in a range of literary works, from Hamlet to Pride and Prejudice). The latest contribution to this range of genres is the satirical genre of parodic news that emerged during the 20th and 21st century. "Fake news" was born somewhere in the 60s and 70s with news shows such as That Was the Week That Was on BBC and This Hour Has Seven Days on CBC. However, these shows largely relied on sketches, songs and invented news items, which made them very different from the parodic news shows we are used to seeing today. Scholars have argued (see Amber Day's Satire and Dissent: Interventions in Contemporary Political Debate) that the satire used in parodic news shows today has got much more efficient and powerful than older "fake news" shows, due to that contemporary programs use real news footage and interview real people (i.e. not fake experts or actors pretending to be politicians). The deconstruction of real political debates, speeches and interviews by news hosts like Jon Stewart (The Daily Show), Stephen Colbert (The Colbert Report) and Rick Mercer (The Rick Mercer Report) teaches people to deconstruct arguments given by politicians and experts; making people more prone to question and analyze such arguments. Jon Stewart, by constantly pausing news clips to give his own comments on them, assumes the role of the average man in the couch watching TV; he is showing average Joe how he can analyze and deconstruct things politicians and news anchors say easily, just by watching them more intently on the news. The video below is an excellent example of this.

If you plan on writing satire on your own, it is important to think about keeping it real (like they do on the The Daily Show). By showing people how ridiculous the arguments for whatever you want to satirize are, you can teach people how to scruntinize and deconstruct such arguments until they see them for what they really are: stupid.

Monday, November 25, 2013

The Power of Controversy

According to certain genre theorists, the genre of satire is a necessary part of any society, since it creates a forum for public discourse that cannot be expressed otherwise, especially not in political debates. Satire does not have to be politically correct, which leads to that it can discuss sensitive issues in a way that most political parties cannot. 

A newspaper that has become famous for expressing controversial issues and thereby, perhaps, liberating public debate, is the French newspaper Charlie Hebdo. Founded in 1960, the satirical journal has become famous for its way of satirizing absolutely everything. The journal has been attacked by politicians, companies and famous people, for its satirical images and texts, to such a degree that a certain sum has been reserved in the journal's budget for the cost of all the lawsuits it receives. The editor of the journal, Gérard Biard, has stated in an interview (which can be seen here) that he sees it as his duty as a journalist to use the laws of freedom of expression, which are very strong and permitting in France, to start debates around controversial issues that are otherwise not addressed in France. He sees the lawsuits and the criticism that the journal receives as positive, since they show that people actually care about the things the journal addresses. 

Over the years, Charlie Hebdo has satirized the Pope, Muhammad, President Hollande, Barack Obama, Judaism and even the terrorist attacks on World Trade Center. Do you think, when reading the text above and looking at the pictures below, that these satirical images bring something to the French society; that they make discussions on the topics satirized easier? Or do you have trouble seeing any real power of controversy?

On 9/11, a salesman screams "vendez" (sell) instead of warning his co-workers of the airplane.
A cartoon satirizing the resistance to gay marriage by stating that we all have three fathers in the "The Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit"